Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri The consolidation of 29 labour laws into 4 labour codes marks a paradigm shift for companies, especially those currently involved in corporate transactions. The consolidation now requires parties to undertake a rigorous reassessment of traditional due diligence and integration strategies. As the new framework introduces significant changes that directly influence deal valuation and post-closing liabilities, parties should focus on labou

Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri Introduction Implementing the Code on Wages, 2019 (“ Wages Codes ”) represents the most significant overhaul of payroll structures in India. By consolidating four major laws, the Wages Code introduces a uniform definition of wages that will impact how companies structure their payroll. For organizations, particularly those in the service and information technology sectors, where allowance often makes up a bulk of the CTC, the Wages Co

Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri Introduction The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 (“ OSH Code ”) consolidates 13 Central laws including key laws such as the Factories Act, 1948 and Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970. Further, the OSH Code, for the very first time, establishes a unified framework governing the working conditions of employees across all sectors that were previously subject to limited regulations. In th

Xerxes Antia and Agrima Choudhary The Reserve Bank of India (“ RBI ”) has notified the Foreign Exchange Management (Export and Import of Goods and Services) Regulations, 2026 (“ Regulations ”), which will come into force from October 01, 2026. The Regulations replace the erstwhile Foreign Exchange Management (Export of Goods and Services) Regulations, 2015. For the first time, the export and import of goods and services have been comprehensively covered under a single set of

Aishwarya Kaushiq and Parv Lodha Contracting with Asset-Less Companies: A Commercial Reality Asset-light structures may be commercially efficient, but they are legally fragile. With no minimum asset requirement under the Companies Act, 2013, companies across sectors increasingly operate with little or no recoverable assets. When such entities default, insolvency proceedings, though legally available, often fail to deliver meaningful recovery. Reflecting this reality, the Na

1. Draft Guidelines on Mining Plan for Underground Coal and Lignite Gasification Blocks, 2025. 1   On 27 th October 2025, the Ministry of Coal initiated consultation with stakeholders on Mining Plan Guidelines for Coal and Lignite 2025 (“ Guidelines ”), inviting comments until 26 th November 2025. These Guidelines aim to optimise coal and lignite extraction using sustainable technology under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (“ MMDR Act ”).

The Supreme Court’s ruling in the Tiger Global-Flipkart stake sale case is being framed as a blow against treaty abuse. In truth, it does something far more consequential: it rewrites the operating assumptions under which foreign capital has been invested in India for decades. While the judgment is fact-specific, its reasoning dismantles the comfort investors drew from treaty residency, grandfathering assurances, and carefully structured exits. This is not merely a tax dis

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), vide its circular dated December 30, 2025, has revised the earlier relaxation granted under General Circular No. 06/2025 dated October 17, 2025, which allowed filing without additional fees up to December 31, 2025. Companies may now file their financial statements and annual returns for the financial year ended March 31, 2025, without additional fees up to January 31, 2026 . Please refer to the MCA Circular dated December 30, 2025 belo

Mansi Singh and Riya Jain The safety and dignity of women is not negotiable. Institutions that fail to protect women fail the Constitution itself! While every person in an ideal world should agree with the above quote, the unfortunate reality is that many women continue to face sexual harassment at workplace. What is even more alarming is that most of the victims do not file formal complaints from the fear of procedures, retaliation, reputational damage and systematic barr

(Juhi Mehta and Natasha Rao) The Lower House of the Indian Parliament, the Lok Sabha, yesterday passed the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India Bill, 2025 (the SHANTI Bill ) with the intent to consolidate the legal framework governing civil nuclear activities in India. The Bill is slated for discussions before the Rajya Sabha today. You can access the Bill here . What the Bill Proposes: Notably, the SHANTI Bill addresses some imp

(Prashant Mara and Sidharth S Kumar) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Supreme Court allowed quashing of multiple criminal and regulatory proceedings after a full settlement of INR 5,100 crore. Judgment prioritizes economic restitution over prolonged litigation. Supports One-Time Settlement (OTS) and Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) for faster resolution. Full payment required; decision marked non-precedential to prevent misuse. Policy shift toward practical resolution and business confi

The PoSH Gap Series – Strengthening Workplace Investigations Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri This article, the fourth in our PoSH Gap Series, examines the systemic challenges associated with non-compliance with statutory timelines under the PoSH Act and the resulting impact on the fairness and integrity of the internal committee (“ IC ”) proceedings. What happens when statutory timelines are not met? The Sexual Harassment of Women (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal)

The PoSH Gap Series – Strengthening Workplace Investigations Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri This article, the second in our PoSH Gap Series, examines one of the most common reasons internal committee (“ IC ”) findings are overturned by courts; procedural violations that deny respondents their fundamental right to a fair hearing. Speed vs Efficiency – What should the IC choose? The IC receives a complaint alleging sexual harassment by one of your employees – the allegatio

The PoSH Gap Series – Strengthening Workplace Investigations Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri This article is the first in a series of articles exploring the critical gaps in investigations under the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (“ PoSH Act ”). Despite being in force for more than a decade, the PoSH Act continues to suffer from ambiguities that create uncertainties for internal committees (“ IC ”) and the employe

Xerxes Antia and Agrima Choudhary The Reserve Bank of India (“ RBI ”) has introduced 2 noteworthy relaxations through an amendment to the Foreign Exchange Management (Export of Goods & Services) Regulations, 2015, notified on November 13, 2025. These changes extend key statutory timelines and provide additional flexibility to Indian exporters and businesses engaged in cross-border trade.  A brief summary of the amendments is set out below. Extension of timeline for realisat

Xerxes Antia and Rohit Kudtarkar The Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India (“ MCA ”) has issued a recent circular which came into force on December 1, 2025 and which has widened the definition of a ‘ small company ’ under the Companies Act, 2013 (the “ Act ”). A copy of the MCA Circular dated December 1, 2025, is attached for your reference. Background Under the provisions of the Act, a “small company” is identified based on prescribed financial thresho

Parveen Arora and Ishaan Chopra India is driving a green energy revolution, aiming for 500 gigawatts (GW) of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030. It has already achieved over 250 GW of non-fossil energy capacity, primarily from solar (123 GW) and wind (52 GW). While the shift to clean and green energy sources such as solar, wind, battery energy storage systems (BESSs), and electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for the climate and India’s energy independence, it also introd

The PoSH Gap Series – Strengthening Workplace Investigations Harinie Seenivasan and Arjun Paleri This article, the third in our PoSH Gap Series, examines the issue of institutional bias arising from improper Internal Committee (“ IC ”) composition that results in the denial of a fair and impartial hearing to respondents . What does the law say about the constitution of the IC? The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (“ PoS

The Indian government has been developing a new framework for Indian labour laws since 2020 – it has been a vast exercise involving actions at the Central (Federal) and State levels. These new labour laws, officially known as Labour Codes, came into force on November 21, 2025. In summary, the new Labour Codes comprise: Code on Wages, 2019 – Governs all aspects of wages, including payments, minimum wage levels, pay parity, and related conditions. Code on Social Security, 2020